Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)

  • Styles define how to display HTML elements

  • Styles are normally stored in Style Sheets

  • Styles were added to HTML 4.0 to solve a problem

  • External style sheets can save a lot of work

  • External style sheets are stored in CSS files

  • Multiple style definitions will cascade into one

Benefit

  • Separates structure from presentation

  • Provides advanced control of presentation

  • Easy maintenance of multiple pages

  • Faster page loading

  • Better accessibility for disabled users

  • Easy to learn

HTML and CSS

work together to produce beautiful and functional Web sites

HTML = structure

CSS = style

Bootstrap

Custom file:

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<!-- bootstrap file upload: custom-file -->
<div class="custom-file mb-3">
  <input type="file" class="custom-file-input" id="customFile" name="filename">
  <label class="custom-file-label" for="customFile">Choose file</label>
</div>

<p>Default file:</p>
<input type="file" id="myFile" name="filename2">

Z-index

The z-index property specifies the stack order of an element.

Align

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<div class="container py-3 mt-3">
    <h5>Float</h5>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-6">left</div>
        <div class="col-6"><span class="float-right">right</span></div>
    </div>
    <hr>
    <h5>Responsive Floats</h5>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-6 text-center">
            <span class="float-md-left">left on md</span>
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-6 text-center">
            <span class="float-md-right">right on md</span>
        </div>
    </div>
    <hr>
    <h5>Responsive Text Align</h5>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-12 text-md-right">
            text-md-right
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-12 text-md-center">
            text-md-center
        </div>
    </div>
    <hr>
    <h5>Flexbox Align</h5>
    <div class="d-flex justify-content-between">
        <div>
            left
        </div>
        <div>
            right
        </div>
    </div>
</div>